Peranan Sheikh Nik Mat Kecik Patani dalam Intelektualisme di Alam Melayu: Telaah Terhadap Kitab Matla’ al-Badrain wa Majma’ al-Bahrain [The Role of Sheikh Nik Mat Kecik Patani in Intellectualism in the Malay World: A Study of the Book of Matla' al-Badrain
Keywords:
ulama, intelektualisme, Alam Melayu, Matla’ al-Badrain wa Majma’ al-Bahrain scholars, intellectualism, Malay NatureAbstract
Sheikh Nik Mat Kecik Patani (1260H/1844M) merupakan seorang ulama besar yang masyhur bukan sahaja di Patani malah juga di Alam Melayu. Menurut Zurita (2022) Sheikh Nik Mat Kecik mengajar keilmuan Islam melalui penulisan kitab jawi yang menjadi rujukan umat Islam. Kitab beliau iaitu Matla’ al-Badrain wa Majma’ al-Bahrain menjadi kitab fiqh yang paling banyak dirujuk oleh masyarakat sehingga ke hari ini (Amir 2016). Kenyataan ini menunjukkan bahawa Sheikh Nik Mat bukan calang-calang ulama malah beliau dilihat berperanan penting dalam pembangunan intelektualisme orang Melayu. Makalah ini berusaha menganalisis latar belakang Sheikh Nik Mat Kecik Patani sebagai seorang tokoh ulama terkenal tersebut, di samping itu, makalah ini juga meneliti sumbangan beliau dalam bidang intelektualisme Muslim melalui kitab terkenal beliau iaitu, Matla’ al-Badrain wa Majma’ al-Bahrain. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kualitatif bertunjangkan kepada kajian sejarah dan kajian analisis kandungan. Maklumat dan data bagi kajian ini dikumpulkan melalui kaedah analisis tekstual. Kaedah yang dipilih adalah untuk menjelaskan kajian dengan lebih baik melalui interpretasi sendiri terhadap sesuatu data daripada sumber yang dirujuk. Analisis data dibuat dengan menggunakan kaedah deskriptif. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa Sheikh Nik Mat Kecik Patani berjaya menjadikan keilmuan Islam sebagai sumber intelektual yang bersifat relevan khususnya melalui penulisan kitab Matla’ al-Badrain wa Majma’ al-Bahrain. Meskipun kajian mengenai beliau telah banyak dilakukan oleh sarjana, namun peranan beliau dalam bidang intelektualisme masih kurang dilakukan.
Sheikh Nik Mat Kecik Patani (1260H/1844AD) is a great scholar who is famous not only in Patani but also in the Malay world. According to Zurita (2022), Sheikh Nik Mat Kecik taught Islamic knowledge through the writing of the “Jawi book” which became a reference for Muslims. His book, Matla' al-Badrain wa Majma' al-Bahrain, is the fiqh book most referred to the community today (Amir 2016). This statement shows that Sheikh Nik Mat is not a mere scholar, in fact he is seen as playing an important role in the development of Malay intellectualism. This paper tries to analyze the background of Sheikh Nik Mat Kecik Patani as a famous scholar, in addition, this paper also examines his contribution in the field of Muslim intellectualism through his famous book, Matla' al-Badrain wa Majma' al-Bahrain. This study uses a qualitative design supported by historical research and content analysis research. Information and data for this study were collected through the method of textual analysis. The chosen method is to better explain the study through own interpretation of some data from the referenced source. Data analysis was done using a descriptive method. The results of the study found that Sheikh Nik Mat Kecik Patani succeeded in making Islamic knowledge a relevant intellectual resource, especially through the writing of the book Matla' al-Badrain wa Majma' al-Bahrain. Although a lot of research on him has been done by scholars, his role in the field of intellectualism is still not done.