Perbandingan Laras Bahasa Fiqh Solat antara Lima Karya Fiqh Berbahasa Arab Terkini: Analisis Data Korpus Berkomputer [Comparison of Fiqh Terminology for Solat Across Five Contemporary Arabic Fiqh Works: A Corpus-Based Analysis]

Authors

  • Mohamad Azwan Kamarudin Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
  • Lily Hanefarezan Asbullah Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
  • Amin al-Hadi Ab Hadi Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
  • Mohd Haidhar Kamarzaman Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
  • Muhammad Ariff Mohd Rajoli Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Keywords:

terminologi fiqh, solat, karya fiqh, linguistik korpus fiqh terminology, solat, arabic fiqh works, corpus linguistics

Abstract

Fiqh sering disifatkan sebagai kefahaman dan amalan manusia terhadap syariat sebagaimana yang diwahyukan melalui al-Quran dan al-Sunnah. Fiqh ibadat pula selalunya menduduki bab kedua dalam kebanyakan buku-buku rujukan fiqh moden dan klasik setelah fiqh bersuci. Bagi pelajar pengajian Islam yang benar-benar ingin menguasai bidang ilmu fiqh ini, adalah wajar dan perlu untuk mereka mengenali dan memahami terlebih dahulu kosa kata, istilah, struktur ayat dan gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam teks-teks rujukan berbahasa asal, iaitu bahasa Arab. Lantaran dari itu, kajian ini akan meneliti laras bahasa fiqh solat dalam kitab Al-Fiqh al-Manhaji ‘ala Mazhab al-Imam al-Syafie, Fiqh al-Ibadat ‘ala al-Mazhab al-Hanbali, Fiqh al-Ibadat ‘ala al-Mazhab al-Maliki, Fiqh al-Ibadat ‘ala al-Mazhab al-Hanafi dan Sifat Solat al-Nabi min al-Takbir ila al-Taslim Kaanaka Taraha dengan menganalisis kata nama dan kata kerja berkaitan fiqh ibadat yang kerap digunakan dalam karya-karya tersebut. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti tatacara bagi membina korpus laras bahasa fiqh solat dalam bahasa Arab menggunakan perisian Sketch Engine di samping membuat perbandingan antara laras bahasa fiqh solat dalam kitab Al-Fiqh Al-Manhaji ‘Ala Mazhab Al-Imam Al-Syafie yang merupakan rujukan fiqh terkini dalam mazhab syafie dengan laras bahasa fiqh solat dalam kelima-lima karya terkini fiqh solat selain mazhab Syafie. Kajian ini juga akan menganalisis makna leksikal dan kontekstual bagi 10 perkataan terpilih dari laras bahasa fiqh solat tersebut. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa tidak terdapat perbezaan yang ketara antara jenis dan bentuk kosa kata fiqh solat yang digunakan dalam kitab Al-Fiqh Al-Manhaji ‘Ala Mazhab Al-Imam Al-Syafie dengan laras bahasa fiqh solat dalam kelima-lima karya terkini fiqh solat pelbagai mazhab, sekaligus membuktikan laras bahasa fiqh solat dalam kelima-lima karya tersebut adalah sama.

Fiqh is often described as the human understanding and practice of Sharia as revealed through the Quran and Sunnah. The fiqh of al-Ibadah usually occupies the second chapter in most modern and classic fiqh reference books after the fiqh al-Taharah. For students of Islamic studies who really want to master this field of Islamic jurisprudence, it is appropriate and necessary for them to first recognize and understand the vocabulary, terms, sentence structures and language styles used in the reference texts in the original language, which is Arabic. Because of that, this study will examine the fiqh solat in the book Al-Fiqh al-Manhaji 'ala Mazhab al-Imam al-Syafie, Fiqh al-Ibadat 'ala al-Mazhab al-Hanbali, Fiqh al-Ibadat 'ala al -Al-Maliki Madhhab, Fiqh al-Ibadat 'ala al-Mazhab al-Hanafi and Sifat Salat al-Nabi min al-Takbir ila al-Taslim Kaanaka Taraha by analyzing nouns and verbs related to fiqh ibadat that are often used in the works. This study aims to identify the procedures for building a corpus of fiqh solat in Arabic using Sketch Engine software in addition to making a comparison between the fiqh solat in the book Al-Fiqh Al-Manhaji 'Ala Mazhab Al-Imam Al-Syafie which is a fiqh reference the latest in the Syafie mazhab with the language of fiqh solat in the five latest works on fiqh solat other than the Syafie mazhab. This study will also analyze the lexical and contextual meaning of 10 selected words from the jurisprudential language of the solat. The findings of the study show that there is no significant difference between the types and forms of prayer fiqh vocabulary used in the book Al-Fiqh Al-Manhaji 'Ala Mazhab Al-Imam Al-Syafie with the language of fiqh solat in the five latest works of various prayer fiqh mazhab, at the same time proving that the language of fiqh solat in the five works is the same.

Published

2024-05-17