Konfrontasi Indonesia–Malaysia (1963-1966) Persengketaan Dua Negara Serumpun [Confrontation Between Malaysia and Indonesia (1963-1966) The Feud of Two Allied Countries]

Abstract

Konfrontasi Indonesia terhadap Malaysia adalah satu pergolakan politik di antara dua negara serumpun di rantau Asia Tenggara. Penyelesaian secara rundingan tidak dapat diterima sepenuhnya oleh Indonesia. Tindakan agresif dengan mengerahkan pasukan tenteranya telah bertindak melakukan serangan gerila di perbatasan Sarawak dan Sabah. Tindakan tentera Indonesia ini lebih berunsur provokasi atau kekecohan terhadap Malaysia, khususnya untuk menguji kekuatan pertahanan Malaysia. Persoalannya Konfrontasi didefinisikan dari pelbagai perspektif dari sarjana, kuasa besar, Indonesia cenderung melihat dari makro perspektif. Oleh itu, penulisan ini cuba mengetengahkan perspektif sejarah dari bawah mengenai sejarah Konfrontasi diantara Indonesia terhadap Malaysia khususnya di kawasan sempadan Malaysia di Borneo khususnya sempadan Sarawak Kalimatan Barat (Kalbar) dan Sempadan Sabah-Kalimantan Timur (Kalbar). Kaedah dan bahan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif secara deskriptif, di dahului dengan kajian kepustakaan, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Universiti Malaya, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, kajian arkib melibatkan Arkib Negeri Sabah, Arkib Negara Malaysia, Muzium Tentera Darat, National Archive British, National Archive Australia, Memorial War Australia dan temubual dengan veteran tentera, paramiliter dan masyarakat sempadan Sarawak dan Sabah Akhirnya, hasil dari penulisan ini mengetengahkan satu sudut pandang sejarah dari bawah yakni (realiti yang berlaku di kawasan sempadan Malaysia di Borneo) yang menjelaskan situasi sebenar konfrontasi di Sarawak dan Sabah.

Indonesia's confrontation with Malaysia is a political turmoil between two allied countries in the Southeast Asian region. A negotiated settlement cannot be fully accepted by Indonesia. Aggressive action by mobilizing its troops to carry out guerrilla attacks on the border of Sarawak and Sabah. The Indonesian military's actions are more provocative or tumultuous against Malaysia, especially to test Malaysia's defense strength. The question of Confrontation is defined from various perspectives from scholars, superpowers, Indonesia tends to see from a macro perspective. Therefore, this paper tries to highlight the historical perspective from below on the history of the Confrontation between Indonesia and Malaysia, especially in the Malaysian border area in Borneo, especially the Sarawak border of West Kalimantan (West Kalimantan) and Sabah-East Kalimantan (West Kalimantan) border. The methods and materials used are qualitative and descriptive, preceded by a library study, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Universiti Malaya, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, archival study involving Sabah State Archives, National Archives of Malaysia, Army Museum, British National Archive, Australian National Archive, Australian War Memorial and interviews with military veterans, paramilitaries and the Sarawak and Sabah border communities Finally, the results of this writing highlight a historical perspective from below (the reality of the Malaysian border in Borneo) which explains the real situation of the confrontation in Sarawak and Sabah .