Analisis Kaedah Penulisan Hadith oleh Hamka dalam Tafsir al-Azhar [Analysis of The Hadith Writing Methods of Hamka in Tafsir al-Azhar]

Abstract

Tafsir al-Azhar karangan Hamka merupakan antara kitab tafsir Nusantara yang dianggap paling terkenal hingga ke hari ini. Justeru, terdapat banyak kajian yang telah dijalankan mengenainya namun lebih ke arah kajian dari perspektif tafsir. Perkara ini memberi indikasi bahawa kajian mengenai penulisan beliau dari aspek hadith agak terhad, walaupun terdapat kajian berbentuk takhrij al-hadith. Justeru, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kaedah penulisan hadith yang digunakan oleh beliau dalam Tafsir al-Azhar dalam mentafsirkan ayat-ayat al-Quran. Dalam melaksanakan kajian ini, kaedah pengumpulan data adalah berasaskan metode kepustakaan daripada sumber bertulis Tafsir al-Azhar. Keseluruhan data tersebut dianalisis berasaskan kaedah induktif dan deduktif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa Hamka telah menampilkan hadith dalam dua bentuk: [Pertama], teks hadith dalam bahasa Arab yang diletakkan barisnya berserta terjemahannya dalam bahasa Melayu Indonesia. [Kedua], teks hadith secara terjemahan dalam bahasa Melayu Indonesia berserta potongan sebahagian teksnya dalam bahasa Arab dengan diletakkan barisnya. Daripada dua bentuk tersebut, terdapat hadith yang dinyatakan nama pengarang kitab dan perawinya selain terdapat juga hadith yang disertakan nama pengarang kitab tanpa menyebut perawinya. Ini menunjukkan kepelbagaian kaedah Hamka dalam menulis hadith dalam Tafsir al-Azhar.  

Tafsir al-Azhar penned by Hamka stands as one of the distinguished book of Quranic interpretation ever written in the archipelago to date. Generally, there had been copius amounts of studies done on the realm of tafsir but the focus had been on the perspective of Quranic tafsir per se. This indicates that the study on Hamka’s work from the aspect of hadith is limited although there had been a research in the form of takhrij al-hadith. Hence, the objective of this research is to study Hamka’s writing methodology of the hadiths selected by him in interpreting the al-Quran in his renowed works, the Tafsir al-Azhar. This research is made possible by data collection by means of library research from textual source of Tafsir al-Azhar. The data is wholly analyzed based on inductive and deductive methods. This research finds that the layout of hadith in Hamka’s Tafsir al-Azhar is styled in two ways. [First], the hadith texts is quoted intact in Arabic together with its puctuation markers followed by its translation in Indonesian Malay. [Second], the part of the textual hadith is presented in its translated form i.e in the Indonesian Malay language followed by excerpts of its Arabic text with punctuation makers. From the two styles, there are hadiths which bear reference to the author of the book in which the hadith compiled as well as the narrators of the hadith. Alternatively, there are also hadiths which bear reference to the book form which they are sourced per se, devoid of mention of the narrators of the quoted hadiths. Hence, this illustrates the diverse styles of Hamka in his efforts in writing hadiths in Tafsir al-Azhar.