Sumbangan al-Nadwi Terhadap Perkembangan Sastera Islam [al-Nadwi’s Contribution to The Development of Islamic Literature]

Abstract

Wacana berkenaan Sastera Islam telah bermula sejak kehadiran Islam dan ia terus berkembang sehingga era kesusasteraan moden masa kini. Sastera Islam dilihat sebagai satu gagasan yang dapat  memastikan karya sastera mahupun sebarang idea mengenai sastera sejajar dengan ajaran Islam. Justeru, para sarjana bidang kesusasteraan khususnya yang menyedari kepentingan Sastera Islam telah melakukan usaha-usaha memperkasakan gagasan tersebut dan antara yang terlibat ialah al-Nadwi. Makalah ini bertujuan mengupas sumbangan al-Nadwi terhadap perkembangan Sastera Islam. Sumbangan al-Nadwi yang dimaksudkan merujuk kepada usaha yang dilakukannya sama ada secara peribadi mahupun secara kolektif menerusi Liga Sastera Islam Sedunia (Rabitah al-Adab al-Islami al-‘Alamiyah). Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah analisis teks melibatkan bahan-bahan penulisan merangkumi sumber primer dan sekunder. Hasil kajian mendapati usaha al-Nadwi menghasilkan karya sastera khususnya melibatkan genre sastera kanak-kanak (adab al-atfal), sastera kembara (adab al-rihlat) dan autobiografi (al-sirah al-zatiyah) sebagai sumbangan besar al-Nadwi terhadap perkembangan Sastera Islam. Selain usaha beliau secara personal itu, penglibatan aktif al-Nadwi bersama para sarjana lain secara kolektif sejak sebelum penubuhan Liga Sastera Islam Sedunia sehingga kewafatannya dilihat sebagai sumbangan beliau yang terbesar dalam perkembangan gagasan Sastera Islam.

Discourse on Islamic Literature has been present ever since the advent of Islam and has continued to flourish until this current the era of modern literature. Islamic Literature is seen as an idea that can ensure that literary works or any ideas of literature are in line with Islamic teachings. Thus, scholars in the field of literature, especially those who aware of the importance of Islamic Literature make efforts to strengthen the idea and among those is al-Nadwi. This paper aims to examine al-Nadwi’s contribution to the development of Islamic Literature. The contribution of al-Nadwi refers to his efforts either personally or collectively in the International League of Islamic Literature. This study uses text analysis methods involving several materials including primary and secondary sources. The findings demonstrate that most al-Nadwi’s efforts when producing literary works such as on children's literary genres (adab al-atfal), travel literature (adab al-rihlat) and autobiography (al-sirah al-zatiyah) has become his major contribution to the development of Islamic Literature.  In addition to his personal efforts, al-Nadwi’s active involvement and collective work with other scholars before the establishment of the International League of Islamic Literature until his last breath are seen as the biggest contribution to the development of Islamic Literature.