Faktor Regresif dan Defensif Integriti dalam Kepimpinan Islam [Regressive and Defensive Factors of Integrity in Islamic Leaders]

Abstract

Kelompangan isu nilai dan kualiti dalam aspek kepimpinan negara sentiasa diperkatakan seolah-olah tanpa ada titik noktahnya walaupun Malaysia telah lebih 60 tahun mencapai kemerdekaan. Pembudayaan nilai-nilai murni dalam organisasi kepimpinan dipandang enteng walaupun pelbagai dasar dan kod etika telah diperkenalkan oleh kerajaan. Penyalahgunaan kuasa, rasuah dan sikap tidak bertanggungjawab dalam kepimpinan Islam sering diperlihatkan melalui statistik yang dikeluarkan oleh agensi pengauditan dan disokong oleh media arus perdana. Berdasarkan kepada permasalahan tersebut, kajian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti konsep integriti dalam kepimpinan Islam yang merangkumi definisi, hubungan, faktor regresif dan defensif. Metodologi kajian ini dilaksanakan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap 25 artikel jurnal bermula tahun 2015 dan ke atas melalui capaian Google Scholar di bawah carian Integriti Kepimpinan Islam. Analisis bagi kajian ini menggunakan perisian ATLAS-ti, dengan menggunakan kod-kod yang dikelaskan mengikut tema-tema tertentu dan dihuraikan secara deskriptif. Kajian ini mendapati empat elemen utama yang mempengaruhi faktor regresif berkaitan integriti dalam kepimpinan Islam iaitu: sistem pentadbiran, budaya organisasi dan individu, kegagalan institusi sosial dan pemilikan media massa. Manakala pengetahuan agama, dasar kerajaan, pengurusan organisasi dan kawalan tidak formal adalah elemen utama yang mempengaruhi faktor defensif integriti dalam kepimpinan Islam. Implikasi kajian ini diharapkan, organisasi kepimpinan Islam memahami secara mendalam tentang faktor-faktor regresif dan defensif dalam amalan integriti seterusnya mengambil tindakan ke arah membudayakan nilai-nilai tersebut.

The issue of value and quality has always been addressed as though there is no end to the period despite the fact that Malaysia has over 60 years of independence, especially in terms of national leadership. The cultivation of pure values in leadership organizations is viewed lightly though various policies and codes of ethics have been introduced by the government. The misuse of power, corruption and irresponsibility in Islamic leadership is often reflected in statistics released by auditing agencies and supported by mainstream media. Based on these concerns, this study aims to identify the concept of integrity in Islamic leadership which includes definitions, relations, regressive and defensive factors. The methodology of this study was qualitatively applied using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to 25 journal articles beginning in 2015 and above through Google Scholar access under the search for Islamic Leadership Integrity. The analysis for this study was using ATLAS-ti software, using codes classified according to specific themes and described descriptively. The study found four major elements influencing regression factors related to integrity in Islamic leadership namely administrative system, organizational and individual culture, social institutions failure and mass media ownership. While religious knowledge, government policy, organisational management and non-formal control are key elements affecting the defensive factor of integrity in Islamic leadership. The implications of this study are that Islamic leadership organizations understand in depth the regressive and defensive factors of integrity and take action towards cultivating those values.