Penterjemahan Identiti Budaya Material Masyarakat Melayu dalam Komik Budak Kampung ke Bahasa Arab [The Translation of The Material Cultural Identity of Malay Community in The “Budak Kampung” Comic into Arabic]

Abstract

Identiti budaya ini bukan sahaja dapat dilihat melalui tingkah laku dan gerak geri individu dalam sesebuah masyarakat, malah dapat diperkenalkan dan diinterpretasikan melalui karya penulisan. Bagaimanapun, pengekalan identiti budaya ketika proses penterjemahan menjadi cabaran terbesar kepada para penterjemah. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti identiti budaya material masyarakat Melayu dalam komik Budak Kampung dan menganalisis strategi terjemahan identiti budaya masyarakat Melayu ke bahasa Arab dalam komik Budak Kampung berdasarkan strategi terjemahan Newmark. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif dengan menganalisis kandungan teks komik Budak Kampung berserta terjemahannya ke bahasa Arab iaitu ‘Tifl al-Qaryah’. Daripada 51 perkataan beridentiti budaya material yang dikenal pasti dalam korpus kajian, hanya 10 sampel sahaja dianalisis sebagai contoh strategi terjemahan Newmark digunakan bagi menterjemahkan perkataan beridentiti budaya material daripada bahasa Melayu ke bahasa Arab. Kajian mendapati bahawa empat aspek utama budaya material dipaparkan dengan jelas dalam komik Budak Kampung, iaitu makanan dan minuman, pakaian, seni bina dan bandar serta pengangkutan. Manakala bagi strategi terjemahan pula, enam strategi terjemahan Newmark dikesan telah digunakan dalam menterjemahkan identiti budaya ke bahasa Arab, iaitu strategi terjemahan literal, padanan budaya, pengguguran, padanan deskriptif, naturalisasi serta kuplet. Strategi terjemahan padanan deskriptif paling kerap digunakan berbanding strategi terjemahan lain. Kajian ini diharap dapat memberi input baharu kepada para penterjemah dalam menterjemahkan teks yang sarat dengan identiti budaya khususnya teks komik yang berperanan memperkenalkan kebudayaan masyarakat Melayu kepada masyarakat luar.

This cultural identity can be seen not only through the behaviour and gestures of individuals in a society but can also be introduced and interpreted through written works. However, preserving cultural identity during the translation process becomes the biggest challenge for translators. Therefore, this study aims to identify the material cultural identity of the Malay community in the comic ‘Budak Kampung’ and analyze the strategies for translating the Malay cultural identity into Arabic in the comic ‘Budak Kampung’ based on Newmark’s translation strategies. This qualitative study analyzes the content of the ‘Budak Kampung’ comic along with its translation into Arabic, titled ‘Tifl al-Qaryah’. Out of the 51 identified culturally material words in the study corpus, only 10 samples were analyzed as examples of Newmark’s translation strategies used to translate culturally material words from Malay to Arabic. The study have found that four main aspects of material culture are clearly presented in the ‘Budak Kampung’ comic, namely food and drinks, clothing, architecture and the city, and transportation. As for translation strategies, six of Newmark’s translation strategies have been identified as being used in translating cultural identitiy into Arabic, namely literal translation, cultural equivalent, reduction, descriptive equivalent, naturalization, and couplet. The descriptive equivalent strategy was the most frequently used compared to other translation strategies. This study is expected to provide new insights for translators in translating texts that are rich in cultural identity, especially comic texts that play a role in introducing Malay culture to the wider community.